Combined spark arrester and ejector



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COMBINED SPARK ARRESTER AND EJETOR. No. 512,145. Patented Jan., 2, 1894..

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COMBINED SPARK ARRESTBR AND EJEGTOR.

.Patented Jan. 2, 1894.

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NrrsV l raras TRUMAN E. AUSTIN, OF BINGHAMTON, NEW YORK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 512,145, dated January 2, 1894.

Application filed February l5, 1893. Serial No. 462,381. (ITO model.)

.T @ZZ whom zit may concern:

Be it known that I, TRUMAN E. AUSTIN, of Binghamton, in the county of Broome and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Combined Spark Arrester and Ejector, of which the fol` lowing is a full, -clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this speciication, and in which- Figure l is a side elevation of a locomotive engine provided with my improvements, parts of said engine being shown in longitudinal section for the purpose of showing details which would otherwise be concealed. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same with the upper part of the smoke-arch broken away. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of said engine with the front of the smoke-arch open. Fig. 4 is an enlarged side elevation of the forward portion of said engine, with parts shown in longitudinal section; and Fig. 5 is a side elevation of part of the front end of the boiler, part of the side of the smoke-arch being broken out for the purpose of showing certain modifications.

This invention relates to improvements on Y the invention for which Letters Patent of the United States No. 500,648 were granted to me July 4, 1893; and the object of my present invention is to render my former one more elective in its action and to remedy certain slight defects therein.

Experience has developed the fact that small particles of grit and cinder are liable to enter the nozzle of the steam-blast pipe and thence into the sieamschests to effect considerable damage by cutting the faces of the slide-valves and valve-seats; said particles working their way into the steam-chests even when said blast-pipe is provided with an automatic check-valve that is arranged to close whenever the steam-pressure is removed from the interior of said pipe; but I iind that, by leading the steam-blast pipe from a steampassage between the throttle-valve and a piston of the engine-running the end of the blast-pipe into the passage, closing the inner end of said blast-pipe, and finely perfor-ating the portion of the latter that extends into saidl passagewith holes which are too small to allow the particles of grit to pass through them-I can entirely remedy the danger of cutting the valves and valve-seats Without detracting from the efficiency of the steam-blast.

By arranging the cinder-pipe as herein shown and described, I avoid a disagreeable rumbling noise that is produced by arranging the cinder-pipe a short distance from the ashpan and discharging the cinders into an opening in the front of the ash-pan; and by substituting an adjustable diaphragm for a portion of the screen nearest the front tube-sheet, I can adjust the over-draft through the smokearch as occasion may require.-

As represented in the drawings, A designates a locomotive boiler of a common and well-known form, none of the internal parts of the fire-box of the same being shown, they not being affected by my invention. u

B designates the smoke-arch formed in the forward end of the cylindrical portion of said boiler. A smoke-stack, l, is erected on-the outer side of said smoke-arch for the purpose of carrying oft' the lighter products of combustion. Vithin said smoke-arch the usual branch steam-pipe, 2, is arranged to communicate with the steam-chests of the engine cylinders. Exhaust-nozzles, 3, lead from the exhaust passages of said cylinders and are arranged to discharge directly into the base of said smoke-stack.

The above described details of construction form no part of my invention. i

C designates a forwardly-inclined screen which has its upper edge connected to the front tube-sheet of the boiler, and its lower edge attached to the upper edge of an imperforate diaphragm, D, which forms the lower part of said screen. rihe screen C permits an over-draft from the boiler-tubes to the smokestack l. The space 4, between the lower part of the diaphragm D 4and the shell of the smoke-arch, forms an under-d raft between said boiler-tubes and smokestack. The overdraft opening can be regulated as occasion may require, and for that purpose Ihave devised two different arrangementswhich attain the same end; as shown in Figs. l, 2, and 4, the means for regulating said over-draft consists of a sliding-plate, E, which is fitted to slide over the lower part of the screen C, guides, 5, being arranged for guiding and supporting said plate; a link, 6, connects the IOO sliding-plate E with an arm, 7, secured to a rocker-shaft, 8, arranged transversely through the smoke-arch B. On one end of said rock-v er-shaft an arm, 9, is secured, and a rod,10, is jointed to the arm 9 for the purpose of rocking said shaft; the opposite end of said rod is provided with a handle, 11, and with a notched-portion, 12, which is fitted to engage on a catch-piece, 13, attached to the boiler A orbther convenient part where it will be accessible to the engineer.

In Fig. I show a modified form of device for regulating the openingfor the over-draft, the same consisting of a damper or swingingplate, F, that is hinged to the upper edge of the diaphragm D, so as to be swung toward the screen C, or turned away to a greater or less degree, as occasion may require. To

the hinge-pin 14, of said damper an arm, 15, ,is secured, and a rod, 16, is jointed to said arm for the purpose of turning said damper when required; the opposite end of said rod may be provided with means, like those shown and described for the rod 10, or any other suitable provision for locking the damper F in any desired position in its movement.

H designates a pendent cinder-pocket,and H the blast-pipes leading from the exhaustpassages of the steam-cylinders; said cinderpocket and pipes are fully described in the specification, of my former patent above referred to, and a furtherdescrption of them is unnecessary.

G designates the steam-blast pipe which is preferably arranged to lead from a steampassage, 17, that leads into the steam-chest of one of the engine-cylinders, but said blastpipe may be arranged to lead from any steampassage between the throttle-valve of the engine and either of the slide-valves, the essential point to be observed being that the opening of the throttle-valve shall allowa current of live-steam to pass through said blast-pipe into, and transversely through, the cinderpocket H. rIhe end of said blast-pipe leading into said cinder-pocket is provided with a nozzle, 18, whose outlet has a reduced diameter v in comparison to the bore of said blast-pipe;

the inner end of said blast-pipe-whi'ch is preferably reduced in diameter-preferably leads from the side of the steam-passage 17, said blast-pipe being kept clear from the bottom of said passage, as shown in Fig. 1, so that nothing but dry steam alone will flow into the blast-pipe. The reduced inner end of said blast-pipe, as shown in Fig. 4, is designated as 19, and its end is closed by a screw-plug, 20,

to stop the flow of steam at that point into said blast-pipe, but the periphery of said pipe is finely perforated to prevent the escape of any gritty particles from said pipe. A checkvalve, 21, which is arranged to lift when the steam is fiowing into the perforated reducer 19, is placed in the pipe G near the passage 17, and, between said check-valve and nozzle y 18, there is connected 'a branch steam-pipe,

22, which leads from the steam-pipe of an aircompressor, I, by which the'air-brakes are provided with compressed-air. A stop-valve, 23, is arranged in the steam-pipe of said aircompressor in such manner that when said stop-valve is opened-to start the air-compressor I, a current of steam will liow through the pipe22 so as to prevent any particles of cinder from closing up the orice of the nozzle 18.

J designates the cinder-pipe which lc'ads from the after side of the cinder-pocket H t0- ward the ash-pan K; said cinder-pipe is arranged diametrically opposite to the nozzle 18, so that a current of steam escaping from said nozzle will enter said cinder-pipe to force the cinders contained in the latter out of the open'end of it, andthence through apipe L, into said ash-pan. The pipe L--whi'ch is considerably larger'in diameter than the cinderpipe J, so as to leave an open annular space between the two pipes--projects from the forward side of the ash-pan K, and the open end of the cinder-pipe J extends slightly into the open end of the pipe L so that, when a current ot' steamrmixed with cinders is discharged `from the cinder-pipe J, a volume of atmospheric air will be carried through said annu'- lar space to furnish oxygen to promote the combustion of the fuel in the tire-box. By

carrying the 'commi-ngled steam, air, and cinders into the ash-pan K through lthe pipe L, the disagreeable rumbling sound-caused by the impingement of the commingled currents against the edges vof the `opening in thefront end of the ash-pan-which was observable in my earlier device, is entirely destroyed,

M 'designates a netting or screen which is 'attached to the lower edge of the diaphragm D and inclines upwardly and forward to the netting-screen whose upper edge is connected to the front tube-sheet of a boiler and having its lower edge connected to an imperferate diaphragm; said netting and diaphragm inclining downward and forward from Said tube-sheet and the netting forming-an over-4 draft opening between the forward end of the boiler-tubes and the smoke-stack, an imperforate plate arranged to be adjustable for covering over said .netting so as to increase or diminish said over-draft, an under-draft opening between the lower edge of said diaphragm and the bottom of the smokearch, and a netting connected to the lower edge of said diaphragm and extending 11pward and forward to the'front and top ofthe IOO IIO

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smoke-arch, as and for the purpose herein specified.

2. In a combined spark-arrester and ejector, a steam-blast pipe extending into a steampassage of the engine; the inner end of said blast-pipe being closed and the inwardly-projecting portion of said pipe being kept clear from the bottom of said steam passage and finely perforated, the opposite end of said blast-pipe being provided with a blast-nozzle which will injecta current of steam transversely through the cinder-pocket, as and for the purpose herein specified.

' 3. In a combined spa`rkarrester and ejector, the combination of a cinder-pocket, a steam-blast pipe arranged to discharge steam in a transverse direction through said cinder-pocket; said blast-pipe being provided with a check-valve arranged to open under a pressure of steam coming from asteam passage of the engine, a branch steampipe connected to said A blastpipe between the discharge nozzle and check-valve of the blastpipe, and a steam-stop valve arranged to shut of the iow of steam into said branch-pipe, as and for the purpose herein specified.

4. In a combined spark-arrester and ejector, the combination of a cinder-pocket, aV steam-blast pipe arranged to discharge steam in a transverse direction through said pocket, a cinder -discharge pipe leading from said pocket and having its forward end arranged directly opposite to the discharge end of said blast-pipe, an ash-pan under the fire-box of the boiler, and a pipe having its forward end constantly open to the atmosphere and its opposite endattached to and opening into the forward side of said ash-pan and extending in range with said cinder-discharge pipe; the latter being smaller than the open-ended pipe so as to form an annular air opening be-. tween the two pipes, as and for the purpose herein speciiied.

TRUMAN E. AUsTIN.

Vitnesses:

WM. H. LOW, S. B. BREWER. 

